Sunday, April 24, 2016

Lesson 17: The Roswell Fiasco


Rasim tilted his head and assessed the man he had flown from Siberia to find. The Northern Hawk Owl's job was only half-completed. This portion required both patience and the relentless application of subtle reminders that an answer was required. He would not leave this tall, broad shouldered man until there was a messaged tied to his leg or a package clasped in his talons.

Absently, Professor Montgomery "Gummy" Vance reached into the top right drawer of his desk and pulled out another two pieces of crocodile jerky. One piece he handed to the owl sitting on the corner of his desk; the other piece he, himself, began to chew. "I don't suppose they could wait until after the semester is over? " Gummy asked the owl. "I could bring it to them myself?" He would have preferred to have a first-hand look at what was going on in Siberia, anyway. It sounded fascinating.

Rasim swallowed the piece of jerky and held out one leg as if prepared to have a message tied to it then and there. He was no barn owl chick, fresh from the egg. He was a professional. He couldn't be bought or distracted with delicious crocodile jerky. He was expected to obtain an answer quickly and return to the Russian branch of the Sheta Sesh as quickly as possible -- standard procedure.

The Hogwarts professor sighed at the owl's reminder that when the Sheta Sesh made a request such as this, time was of the essence. "Fine, but I you need to deliver this into the hands of Dragunov Yuliy Timofeyevich. The Adze of Thoth has a bit of a kick to it; not just anyone can control it." The owl tilted his head to the left until it was nearly upside down and gently shook his outstretched leg. "I know. I know," Gummy said as he pulled out a quill and parchment. "Put it in writing. You're just the messanger."

By the time Gummy had his letter written, it was nearly time for class. He hastily dropped it into the box that contained the Adze of Thoth and closed the top. "Signatum Manum," the man solemnly intoned as he circled his wand three times. Brown smoke poured heavily from the wand tip and settled around the box, growing more and more solid until it suddenly cleared, revealing a package now covered in what appeared to be brown paper and tied with strong white cord. An elaborate seal on the top of the package pulsed dimly for a moment and then flared bright red. ”What the—?“ Gummy instinctively raised his wand and pivoted toward the classroom door.

Three students stood in the doorway with expressions that ranged from surprised to terrified. Professor Vance quickly lowered his wand and chuckled. “Terribly sorry. The seal is set to alarm if the package ends up with anyone other than the intended recipient. If you don’t mind, stay where you are until I get our Northern Hawk Owl friend out the window. If you get too close, it might explode and we’d lose a very useful historical artifact.” Seconds later, Rasim had grasped the package in his powerful talons. He bobbed his head once toward Professor Vance and flew out the window.

”There we go,” Gummy said as he closed the window behind the departing bird. ”You can come in now. It’s quite safe. I think you’ll like today’s lesson, Kyle. It’s about Roswell.”

”Too cool! Can you teach me that spell?” Kyle asked, far more interested in a spell that could glow bright red and explode than he was in aliens from the 1940s.

”And what was in that box, Professor?” Amy asked, quickly approaching his desk. What are you getting involved in now? she wondered, excited by the hint of mystery that always seemed to surround her favorite teacher.

”Oo, would you teach me that spell, too, please?” the third student, Zephyrus, added while picking up the books he had dropped in surprise. He had never had seen anyone transition so fluidly between bad-ass fighter and cheerful professor.

Gummy looked from one to the other. Curiosity was a good thing, but he wasn’t at liberty to tell them all that much. He decided to begin with what he could say. ”That was the Adze of Thoth. I’m loaning it to an old friend who has need of the artifact’s unique abilities. And that spell is rather impressive, isn’t it? I couldn’t wait to learn it, myself. Unfortunately, I’m not allowed to teach it. My old employer would have my hide.” Other students had begun to fill the classroom. ”Sorry, you three. I’d teach you if I could. Why don’t you take your seats and we’ll get started with the lesson?”

After the class had settled into their seats and gotten their quills and note paper out, Professor Vance began. “As you know, the International Statute of Secrecy was enacted to hide the wizarding world from Muggles. Whether or not you agree with the statue is a topic of discussion for another day. What we certainly all agree on is that keeping magic and the wizarding world hidden can sometimes take quite a bit of work. The Ministry has witches and wizards trained to effectively deal with breaches. Creating a logical memory to seamlessly cover the witnessing of magic is an art form and best left to them. Today, we take it for granted that breaches will be skillfully handled and soon forgotten.”

Gummy leaned back against his desk with a wry smile. “Today we’re going to talk about how bad a breach can get and how much worse it can be made if it’s mishandled.” The professor gave his wand a quick twirl and flick. Papers fluttered onto the desks in front of each student.

The History of Magic students all looked down at the copies of the front page of the Roswell Daily Record from the eighth of July, 1947. The headline read, “RAAF Captures Flying Saucer On Ranch in Roswell Region”.

”What you are looking at,” Gummy explained, “is arguably the biggest foul-up in wizarding history. Breaches in the Statue of Secrecy are supposed to be quickly forgotten. This one became famous in the Muggle world. Tourists still flock from all over the world to the town of Roswell in the American southwest to see where the flying saucer crashed and be close to where one of the greatest modern-day military cover-ups and government conspiracies happened. Muggles still create television programs and movies that feature this event and even hold a festival each year in this little town in the New Mexico desert to commemorate the Roswell event.” The professor turned to Kyle with a broad, expectant grin. ”I’m hoping our class-expert on aliens can give us a synopsis of what Muggles say occurred.”

Kyle had straightened up in his seat when the eyes of the class turned to him, and there was an unmistakable hint of pride in his voice when he began to speak. ”I do know a bit about the event, sir. There are a lot of Muggle TV shows about it. In 1947, on the Fourth of July, American Independence Day, witnesses saw something large and bright crash into the desert near Roswell. A day or two later, a rancher found some very strange debris on his ranch, where the object had crashed. He and a couple other guys brought it back to his house and then brought it to the Air Force base nearby. The Air Force investigated and brought in a lot more of the debris – which might have included alien bodies. The Air Force wrote a press release saying they had captured an alien craft. Word of the flying saucer crash spread like wildfire through the newspapers, but then suddenly, there was a big crack-down. The government came in and it was hushed up. Then they showed pictures of some lame weather balloon that they said had been mistaken for an alien craft. Except, even today, no one believes them because too many people saw too much and the government couldn’t hide it all."

”Nicely done, Kyle. Take 10 points for Ravenclaw for that excellent summary. Except, I’d like to add that some people do think it was a weather balloon. Other people think it was a top secret military aircraft that crashed during testing. But, yes, a lot of Muggles do believe it was an alien spaceship. Does anyone know what it actually was?” None of the students raised a hand, but Kyle’s eyes were huge and Gummy was afraid he might actually fall out of his seat. ”Jude’s Academy. If you’ve never heard of it, it’s a wizarding school located in the American Southwest. The New Mexico desert was selected for its remote location. That is one of the few sensible decision made by its founder, a wizard known as Jude the Imprudent. He is also occasionally referred to as Jude the Blithering Idiot, but that epithet is nearly always used by his detractors.”

Kyle was definitely about to burst with curiosity, so Gummy continued quickly, “Jude's Academy students are an interesting lot and it’s considered best to have them spend most of the year in the relative safety of the open desert. Consequently the Fourth of July coincides with the academy’s end of term celebration. The high point of the celebration, up until 1947, was a competition between the houses for the best prank.” Stifled giggles bubbled up among the students. Gummy didn’t blame them. It really did sound like a fun way to end a year of lessons. ”The winning prank in 1947 involved magical fireworks, a bathtub, a grindylow and a pair of the Headmaster’s underwear. At any rate, the whole kit and caboodle went shooting off into the desert as the entire school cheered.” Gummy looked up at the clock and wondered where the time had gone.

”No one would have thought twice about bright lights on the Fourth of July, but the Head of House for the winning team decided picking up the wreckage could wait until after his vacation. That was imprudent move number one. Then, when the rancher was spotted loading up wreckage into his pick-up truck, instead of alerting the proper authorities, the remaining Jude’s Academy staff members decided to just take care of it themselves. That was their second mistake. Their third mistake was not putting together a simple, boring story to use as implanted memories. Instead, there was a lot of embellishment, and far too much creativity. Muggles ‘remembered’ bodies, feather-light I-beams, glowing purple symbols, unearthly materials, and men dressed in black who threatened witnesses and made things disappear.”

The bell rang and students began to rise from their seats. “Please consider this a cautionary tale. Making mistakes is one thing. Covering them up is another. And doing a piss poor job of covering them up is something else entirely. Homework is on the back of the newspaper articles and is due by May 7th.”

Saturday, April 23, 2016

Lesson 16: The Tunguska Event


Snow had turned to rain a couple of hours before. At the first, distant thunder crack, he swooped low over a small patch of snow that was destined to melt before the day was out. Now, thunder’s roar was the periodic accompaniment to the steady beat of Rasim’s wings. The Northern Hawk Owl never faltered. Lightning suddenly flared, painfully bright to the brown-and-white striped owl. Rasim blinked his eyes and carried on. Thoroughly professional, he was, and proud of it, too.

Hogwarts and the assigned recipient of his message were close now, just hours away.

. . .


CRACK!

Professor Montgomery “Gummy” Vance jumped, as did a number of his students. “That one sounded as if it was in the room with us, didn’t it?” Gummy laughed a bit nervously. It really had sounded as if the sky had split open right above them. “Thunderstorms,” he said with a grin. “It must be April. But let’s get on with the lesson, shall we?”

The professor pulled a newspaper out of his inner robe pocket and smoothed it out on the desk. “It’s a Muggle newspaper, so it won’t move when I enlarge it. You may be glad for that.” Gummy tapped his wand on the paper, whispered an incantation, and flicked his wand upward. The picture from the paper seemed to follow his wand motion and in seconds was hovering in the air next to him, stretching itself out until it was nearly a yard wide.

“Does anyone know what we’re looking at?” Gummy asked the class. Much to the professor’s surprise, a hand immediately shot into the air. The excitedly waving hand was attached to a boy wearing a big smile and an eager expression. “Kyle, please enlighten us.”

“It’s an old black and white photo of the Siberian forest around Tunguska. All the trees are stripped of leaves and branches. They’ve all been blasted in the same direction, like a big, circular ripple in a pond. Except it wasn’t a pebble dropped into a pond. It was an alien spacecraft. I saw a TV show about it once. They said it was proof that aliens had been visiting the earth and one of them blew up or something.” The boy finished up with a very pleased nod of his head. “I’ve been looking forward to this lesson, Professor Vance. I can’t wait to find out what wizards know about the aliens.”

Gummy gazed thoughtfully at the boy for a moment. Teaching Muggleborns was full of surprises. “Ten points for Ravenclaw, but we’re going to have to unravel a bit of what Kyle just told us. This is indeed an old Muggle photo of the Tunguska forest. It was taken in 1927, which is 19 years after the Tunguska event took place. Here are some of the things everyone, wizards and Muggles alike, can agree upon.

⚡ An explosion occurred at 7:17 am on the 30th of June, 1908, above the forest near the Podkamennaya Tunguska river in Siberia.

⚡ No Muggles were killed, but hundreds of reindeer lost their lives and approximately 80 million trees were destroyed.

⚡ The blast leveled 800 square miles of forest.

⚡ The trees at the very center of the blast remained standing, but they were burned and their limbs were sheared off, making them look like telephone poles.

⚡ Trees outside the epicenter were sheared of their limbs, burned and broken. When the blast radiated outward, it knocked the trees down in an outward radiating pattern. It does, as Kyle stated, look very much like the pattern you see when you drop a pebble into a pool of water.

The pebble in question, however, is where Muggle and magical accounts of the event diverge. By which, of course, I mean that Muggles do not know the true cause of the explosion and therefore continue to study and speculate.”

Gummy turned to look at the large photograph bobbing gently in the air above his desk. “And who can blame them? If there is something in your world capable of doing that much damage, you’d want to know what the heck it was. There are currently three major Muggle theories. The first theory is aliens, as Kyle pointed out. The second theory is an mid-air explosion of a small comet. The third theory is a mid-air explosion of an asteroid. The last two are really just splitting hairs with regard to what the space rock was made of, the size, and the altitude of the airburst.”

For the second time that day, Gummy pulled out a sheet of Muggle newspaper and spread it out on the desk. With a gentle flick of his wand, he dismissed the over-sized photo of the flattened Tunguska landscape and then smoothly replaced it with a new image. It was a drawing of what looked like a rhinoceros, except the animal was covered in shaggy fur and had an absurdly large horn on its head.

”This,” Gummy gestured to the image with a grand flourish, “is a Woolly Erumpent. Muggle paleontologists refer to it as Elasmotherium sibiricum and some silly people, mostly journalists, call it the Siberian Unicorn. Woolly Erumpents are extinct, but they roamed central Asia for many, many years. Like our modern Erumpents, the horns were filled with an extremely explosive liquid. The fossilized horns are rare and quite expensive, and that is how the Tunguska event began.” Gummy leaned back against his desk and settled in for story time.

”There had been an unfortunate cascade of explosions during the Erumpent mating season of 1902 which resulted in few surviving adult Erumpents. This soon translated into demand for Exploding Fluid and ground Erumpent horn far exceeding supply, which lead to all-time-high prices. If only there were more Erumpents in the world, someone could get rich! A group of Asian witches and wizards knew of an area in Siberia known as the Erumpent Graveyard. It was a large area, but was said to have the remains of ancient, fossilized Woolly Erumpents hidden beneath the earth. There was a good reason the area was unpopulated: the horns were still highly explosive.”

Professor Vance smiled as he watched most of the students shake their heads. “Yeah”, he responded to their unspoken dismay, “it’s pretty easy to see where this is headed. Greed makes people blind, though. So this group dug up a lot of fossilized Woolly Erumpent horns and gathered them together in their base camp near the Podkamennaya Tunguska River. Obviously there are no records of how many people died trying to excavate the horns, but owls sent to distant relatives of the reckless group indicate that there were numerous injuries and deaths before the final, tragic events.”

The History of Magic professor glanced at the clock. They were running short on time – again. “So, let’s skip ahead to the morning of June 30th, 1908. A large quantity of Woolly Erumpent horns had been prepared for shipment. A Turkish consortium had agreed to pay an outrageous number of Galleons for the horns. There was excitement in the camp. All the enterprising group’s efforts were about to be handsomely paid off. Thugs from the consortium flew in on giant, pale blue carpets. A dispute over the payment ensued. The consortium thugs attempted to fly off with the load of Woolly Erumpent horns. It’s unknown if the spell that hit the carpet was intentional or accidental, but the flying carpet and its load of fossilized horns exploded. Everyone at the base camp was killed—“ CRACK, CRACK, CRACK!

Gummy broke off in mid-sentence. Those cracks weren’t thunder. He turned toward the window with a slight sense of déjà vu. A large brown-and-white striped owl stared in, directly at him, and lifted its leg to display the message it was carrying. Without hesitation, Gummy strode across the room and opened the window. If there was one thing he had learned last semester, it was that trying to evade a bird delivering a message was utterly futile. “Well, I’ll be,” he said as the bird flew across the room. It landed on his desk and shook itself off on top of the newspapers. “You’re from Siberia, aren’t you?” he asked the owl. It cocked its head at him and held out its message. “What an interesting coincidence.

”If I’m not mistaken, this is a Northern Hawk Owl,” Gummy explained to the class as he removed the message from the owl’s leg. “You don’t find them around here. They are native to the same general region that we’ve been talking about today.” He unrolled the small scroll and began to frown as he quickly scanned the contents.

”Is it about Bubastis again?” one of the students asked.

”Is it about Woolly Erumpents?” another student suggested.

”Is is about aliens?” Kyle asked.

Gummy turned patient eyes in Kyle’s direction. “No aliens, Kyle. There are no aliens, but you’ll probably like the next lesson, too.” The bell to end class rang and Gummy thrust the message into his pocket. “It isn’t about Bubastis, Amy, that’s behind us. No need to worry about that any more. And it has nothing to do with Erumpents, living or dead. But it is something I’m going to need to investigate. And meanwhile, you lot have homework to do.”

Lesson 15: Quiz


Each flap of Rasim’s strong, brown-and-white striped wings brought the owl closer and closer to his destination. He was an owl on a mission – a professional. The Northern Hawk Owl blinked his golden eyes and pulled his feet up against his torso with his sharp talons curled inward. The sleek line of his brown and white horizontally striped body was broken slightly by the scroll tied to his left leg. Rasim could feel the tug of the wind against the scroll, but experience, strength and determination made his flight look effortless nonetheless. It was a long way from central Siberia to Scotland. He had a lot of flying left to do. Hopefully Hogwarts would have snacks when he got there.

. . .


Professor Montgomery “Gummy” Vance was seated on the edge of his desk with a large bag of crocodile jerky. He pulled a long, thin piece of the golden brown dried meat from the bag and chewed happily. It was the special seasonings the Egyptian jerky vendors used that made it so good. The black pepper or teriyaki crocodile jerky they sold in Australia was good, but after living for so many years in the Cairo area, the Egyptian spiced treat tasted like home.

The students filed in and took their seats, eyeing the contents of the Professor’s jerky bag with interest and curiosity -- and a few with suspicion. “Does anyone know what is significant about today?” Gummy asked the class. A few hands raised and he nodded in the direction of one of the students.

”It’s Easter.”

“Well, yes,” Gummy responded. “Some people do celebrate Easter today, but that’s not what I was referring to. Anyone else care to try?” Fewer hands rose up this time. The Professor nodded at another student, granting permission for him to give an answer.

“We have a quiz today.”

“Also true, but not what I was referring to. Sorry, my question was a bit vague, so I’ll answer it for you. As of today – or technically when you each complete your homework – we will be three-quarters of the way through the year. A bit hard to believe, isn’t it? But after this, it’s just four more lessons and a final exam, then the school year is over.” Gummy held up the large bag of long, thin strips of golden dried meat. “Some of my friends from Cairo sent me this delicious crocodile jerky." The tall, broad-shouldered man smiled brightly. Because they lost the bet, he thought. I’m still here teaching and doing a damn fine job, too.


Gummy twirled his wand. Quiz papers fluttered to the desk tops in front of each student. “You’re all welcome to take some jerky. It’ll give you something to chew on while to take the quiz. Come on. Give it a try. It’s darn good, if you ask me.” A couple of the students jumped up and took a few pieces, eager to try something new and different. Others were much more wary about this unusual snack. They took small pieces and sniffed them cautiously. A few stayed in their seats mumbling things about having just brushed their teeth or being allergic to crocodile.

Once everyone who wanted any was munching on crocodile jerky, Gummy set the bag aside. “Take your time and read the questions carefully. The quiz is pretty easy, actually. Use your text books, of course.” Professor Vance picked up the bag of jerky, selected a piece that looked particularly good, and began to chew. Tastiest bet I ever won.

Lesson 14: The Roanoke Colony


One by one, as they entered the room, the students looked around and then fell silent. Some wandered out of habit to stand where their seats would normally be – if there had been any furniture in the room at all. A handful of students stood before the chalkboard and quietly debated the meaning of the single word written on it.

CROATOAN


”Well, what’s that supposed to mean?” asked a lean, sandy-haired Gryffindor. “Has class been moved? Has it been cancelled? Where’s Gummy?”

The Ravenclaw standing next to him choked down a laugh, ”I’m sure Professor Vance will be here soon,” he responded, lightly stressing the History of Magic professor’s title. But after several more minutes of just standing in an empty room looking at each other, nearly everyone was shuffling their feet and ready to break out a game of Exploding Snap.

”Right, well, you can all wait here, but I’m—“ the Gryffindor said turning toward the door.

”Have a seat, Connor, class isn’t over yet.” Professor Montgomery Vance’s deep, rich voice filled the classroom. With a sweep of his wand, the desks, bookcases, shelves, and assorted historical knick-knacks reappeared in their usual places. As the students settled noisily into their spots, the Professor strode to the front of the room, making the students wonder where he had been just a moment before.

“Strange, is it not, arriving at a place where you expect to find things as you left them, but instead finding the place utterly vacant? And then, your only clue is a word written on a black board.” He turned to contemplate the word “CROATOAN” and shook his head before turning back to the class. ”Today we’ll be discussing the Lost Colony of Roanoke. It’s one of history’s mysteries for both Muggle and wizards alike. If we don't know what happened, then why do you think we're discussing it in this class?”

Gummy gave the students a moment to consider the question before giving in to the silence and answering it himself. ”We may not know what happened to the Roanoke Colony, but you can bet your last knut that some very bad wizards were in it up to their eyeballs.” Noticing the look of confusion on some of the students' faces, Professor Vance explained, “Up to their eyeballs is just a turn of phrase. It means they were deeply involved. No one, as far as I know, was actually buried up to their eyes. I wasn’t being literal.”

When looks of confusion turned to comprehension, Gummy continued. “On May eighth, 1587, three ships set sail from Plymouth, England carrying 89 men, 17 women, and 10 children. The goal of these people was to found the first English city in the new world. The expedition was led by a man named John White. The mystery begins before the ships even left England.” Gummy sat down on the edge of the his desk and got that look on his face that his students had come to recognize as a non-verbal cue to get settled in, because it was story time.

”As the passengers boarded the ships, their names were recorded in the passenger manifest by John White himself. And what we see is the name Thomas Harris appearing twice. Twice,” he repeated for emphasis. ”Muggle historians note this fact, but spend little time puzzling over it. They prefer to assume it was a mistake or that one of the Thomas Harrises should have been denoted as a child. But to wizarding historians, it is the first piece of evidence of that something was truly amiss.”

The Professor held up one finger, which was soon joined by a second. ”The second piece of evidence occurred off the coast of Portugal. Now remember that England was at war with Spain at this time, so that’s a dangerous place to be for an English ship. Records are a bit confusing, but they indicate that there was a storm which separated the ships. But there is also evidence that one of the ships was abandoned by the other two, despite the fact that they could have helped it. The lack of concern for the third ship was remarked upon as was John White’s inability to do anything about it. Oh, not to worry, that ship catches up with the other two eventually. In fact, they rendezvous near Santa Cruz in the Virgin Islands as if it was the plan all along. But where did the third ship go? And why?”

Gummy my noticed some of students exchanging surprised or knowing glances. ”But wait, there’s more,” he said sounding a bit like a muggle infomercial. "So, two of the ships sat around in Carribbean waters patiently waiting on the third to arrive after its mysterious mission. Where did the ships drop anchor and put their passengers ashore while waiting on the third ship? These were experienced captains. They knew the Carribbean like the back of their hands. So did they find a good area with lots of fresh water and wild fruit? No. The captains set the passengers down in an area where the only available water made their skin and eyes burn – some couldn’t see for up to six days after washing their faces in the water. And the fruit the sailors suggested the colonists eat made their mouths burn so badly that even a nursing mother's breast milk burned her infant’s mouth as well. Accidental?” Gummy asked rhetorically. ”Doubtful. And it gets worse.” Gummy looked down at his fingers as he counted out the evidence so far: one, the double entry in the log; two, the ship feigning problems and being left behind; three, the long wait and the obvious rendezvous; four, the intentional cruelty to the colonists.

”Right, that brings us to number five. After the three ships were reunited, they proceeded north toward Virginia. En route, they were supposed to stop at a pre-determined location to take on salt which the colonists greatly needed for preserving food. They were also supposed to stop at a second location to bring on various plants and seedling trees that were to be the beginning of groves that would feed the colonists in the years to come. But as the ships passed the two locations the captains simply refused to stop. In a clear attempt to pacify the colonists, the captain of the lead ship told their leader, John White, that he planned to stop at a different place where they would meet with a man who would easily get the colonists both the salt and the seedlings they needed. However, as you've probably already guessed, when the ships reached the area the ships didn't stop. When John White tried to get the captain to stop, the captain said they they had already passed by the place he had spoken of, and it didn’t matter anyway because the man he had said would help them was long dead.” Gummy added his thumb to the four fingers he already had raised in his count of evidence.

”Finally the colonists reached Roanoke Island. By the way, Roanoke was not their final destination. The ships had agreed to stop at the Roanoke fort to check on the soldiers who had been left behind to man the little English toe-hold in the wilderness. Roanoke had never even been considered as a potential location for the new colony. It was completely unsuited due to its swampy terrain and poor resources. Moreover, there had been an incident of some kind with the local tribe several years before that made Roanoke particularly dangerous. So, anyway, the ships stopped. The colonists, eager to be off the ships if only for a day, were set down on the shore. Then, as soon as the last colonist was off the ships, the three captains told the shocked and angry colonists that their voyage was over. And the ships sailed away.”

If it wasn’t all so awful, Gummy would have been amused by the number of students so surprised and appalled that their jaws had dropped open. He felt it was only fair to warn them. ”Sorry to say, it gets worse. The colonists came across the bleached and dismembered bones of one of the soldiers on their way up to the fort. When they reached the fort, it was empty and half-razed to the ground from an attack. They had to live somewhere, so they set about rebuilding the fortification and the cottages inside. And, oh, by the way,” Gummy almost hated to add this part, but it was true nonetheless, ”because of all the lengthy delays during the journey and all that time waiting on the third ship to catch up, and then later for the captains to decide to continue the journey, it took the colonists four months to transit the Atlantic and the 1587 planting season was over.”

”What? That’s, that’s just… I mean… what the hell?” Connor sputtered.”No way is all of that just a coincidence. No one has that much bad luck.”

”You’re quite right, but let me quickly finish up the sad story of the Roanoke Colony and then I will fill in what bits and pieces wizarding historians have been able to gather over the years. Let’s see, where was I? Ah, yes. So, at this point the colonists were in the Roanoke fort and they were attempting to survive as best they could. One day, a man named George Howe went out crabbing. He later was found dead with an arrow through his chest. This increased the fear and no one was allowed out of the fort alone. In short, things went from bad to worse. The colonists - well most of them - survived the winter and in 1588 a ship stopped by. The little group insisted their leader go back to England, explain their situation, and finally get some supplies. Dutifully, Governor John White left his fledgling colony in a quest for desperately needed supplies and assistance. When he finally returned a year and a half later, this was all he found.” Professor Vance flicked his wand and a large watercolor painting filled most of one wall of the classroom. It showed a group of men in Elizabethan garb looking at a large stockade fence post with a single word carved in it: CROATOAN.


”There was also a tree with the letters CRO carved into it, but that’s all. No people, not even bodies, and not much of anything else was left in the fort. What happened and where they went is the big historical mystery. ‘Croatoan’ was the name of an island about 50 miles south of Roanoke. It was also the name of the Native American tribe that lived there. John White searched Croatoan for his people – his daughter and granddaughter among them – but never found any sign or word of them. Muggle historians and archaeologists are still searching today.”

”You said wizards were involved in all this, Professor. Were some of the colonists wizards? And if so, why couldn’t they send an owl or help defend the colonists?” one of the students asked.

”Excellent questions, Clarence. There were no wizards in the Roanoke Colony. That was a purely Muggle endeavor, or at least it was supposed to be. Wizarding investigators at the time believed there was enough evidence to indicate that the second Thomas Harris on the passenger manifest was in fact a wizard using Polyjuice Potion. But there had to be at least three wizards working together because of how events played out on the three ships. It’s believed that these wizards each had at minimum the captain of each ship, and possibly others, under an Imperius Curse. It’s likely that they used Confundus or Memory Charms on members of the crew at times to get them to go along with the strange orders and behavior of their captains. Our historians are split on the question of whether wizarding involvement ended when the three ships abandoned the colonists at Roanoke -- the worst possible location. It’s possible one or more of the wizards might have stuck around to ensure the total obliteration of the colony.”

”But why, Professor? What was their motive? What did they have to gain? And who were they?” Clarence asked, still completely bewildered by the entire episode.

”I’ve no idea, Clarence, none whatsoever. If I did, it wouldn’t be one of history’s enduring mysteries. Who sabotaged the Roanoke Colony? Who they were working for? Why? And what happened to all the people? There is an American wizard archaeologist who has been charged with watching over all excavations related to the Roanoke Colony and investigating all new findings. In recent years archaeologists have found some interesting evidence that some of the goods the Roanoke colonists brought with them wound up on Croatoan Island and another location about 50 miles inland. But personal possessions can be separated from their owners, so we still don’t have any answers.

”And look at the time!” Gummy exclaimed in surprise. This lesson went far longer than he had anticipated. With a quick swish and flick, homework scrolls appeared in the air above the students’ heads and fluttered down to land on the desk tops. ”There’s your homework. Oh, and next class will be a quiz, so we’ll get to see how much you’ve learned since winter break.”

Lesson 13: The Dancing Plague


It was a beautiful day. The sun was shining and there was a hint of Spring in the air. Winter wasn’t quite done with Hogwarts yet, but days like this made Montgomery “Gummy” Vance feel recharged. If the ground hadn’t been quite so damp, he would have liked to hold class outside. “Still, we can let some of the outside in on a day like today.” Professor Vance began opening the classroom windows and soon enough the light breeze made the room feel lighter and fresher. The students’ faces lit up with smiles when they entered the classroom and yet again, the Professor wished the ground was dry enough for them all to sit beside the lake.

“Let me begin by apologizing. It is far too beautiful a day to be learning about a rather dark topic, but today is Lesson 13, and there’s no way around it. Today we will be discussing what Muggles call the Dancing Plague or Dancing Mania.” Professor Vance swished his wand and the wall beside the classroom door was suddenly covered with a picture. It was an old black-and-cream colored woodcut depicting a mob of people dancing wildly through the streets of a medieval city while others looked on with concern and fear.


Montgomery Vance stood next to the picture and solemnly spoke:
” Amidst our people here is come
The madness of the dance.
In every town there now are some
Who fall upon a trance.
It drives them ever night and day,
They scarcely stop for breath,
Till some have dropped along the way
And some are met by death.”

After giving the students a moment to consider the poem and the picture, Gummy continued, “That poem was written by Muggles and published in the Straussburgh Chronicle of Kleinkawel in 1625. But this scourge wasn’t limited to a single occurrence in Germany. No, it occurred numerous times all over Europe and over a span of perhaps as long as a thousand years.” The Professor almost laughed when more than a few of the students exchanged dubious glances with each other. He held up his hands as if to quell their unvoiced arguments of disbelief. ”I know. I know. It’s difficult to believe, but the first well-documented account of the Dancing Plague was in 1374. Some historians believe there is evidence of similar events as early as the seventh century. The last documented occurrence of this primarily medieval phenomena was as recent as the seventeenth century, so do the math yourselves.”

Professor Vance pointed his wand toward the board.Grafete! The spell would make notes appear on the board as he spoke.”I thought I’d take it easy on you today by putting notes on the board as we go along.” Gummy glanced at the board where the first bullet point in the notes was about him taking it easy on the students. ”Ignore that first one… and the second one about ignoring the first.” He rolled his eyes as notes about ignoring notes scrawled across the board.

”On June 24, 1374 the Dancing Plague hit Achen, Germany. From all accounts, it ran its normal course. At first a few people began dancing feverishly in the streets. Soon they were joined by more and more people until the mob numbered over a thousand. Their dancing was a sort of freestyle, manic, violent behavior. It included rolling on the ground, foaming at the mouth, and begging to be thrown high in the air or have their feet beaten. There were even reports of dancers having sex in the middle of this uncontrollable riot. When the Dancing Plague occurred, it normally lasted for weeks or even a month.” Gummy turned to look at the picture of the wild dancers in the old woodcut. ” Soon enough people became exhausted. Heart attacks and physical injuries were common. Eventually, those who survived returned to their normal lives, but many perished. They literally danced themselves to death.”

”Wow. Muggles are weird.”

Gummy turned quickly back toward the class, trying to determine who had spoken. “Not weird, murdered.” he responded coldly. Then, after a moment of consideration he continued, ”But yes, in general Muggles can be a bit odd. In this instance, however, we have a case of wizards acting badly – very badly.” He walked over to his desk and leaned against it. ”So, I’ve told you wizards were the cause of the Dancing Plague. Can anyone guess what combination of spells was used?”

A handsome boy with smooth dark skin and intelligent eyes raised his hand and then said in a thoughtful voice, ”The Dancing Feet Spell, you know, Tarantallegra, sound as if it’s the most likely responsible for the dancing. But it doesn’t cause the confusion and mania. I would think a strong Confundus Charm could do that.”

“Well done, Carlos! 10 point for Hufflepuff. In hard times, unscrupulous wizards would sometimes begin casting the Dancing Feet Spell and Confundus Charm on innocent Muggles. The wizards would then present themselves to city leaders and claim to have a cure. The cure or the wizard’s services could be obtained for a price. After getting paid, sometimes the wizard would pretend to exorcise the entire mob. Occasionally a wizarding band or orchestra could be hired to soothe the crowd. In the end, it was nothing less than extortion and murder. The International Confederation of Wizards began cracking down on this during the 1600s. These days any attempt to abuse Muggles and extort governments in this manner is ended almost as soon as it’s begun. The Muggle press normally reports these minor incidents as raves that have gotten out of hand.”

Gummy looked out the window. It really was a beautiful day. “There are tons of details I could tell you about the various occurrences of the Dancing Plague over the course of the thousand or so years bad wizards have been harassing Muggles with it. But I, for one, would much rather take a walk in the sunshine. I suggest you finish copying the notes and then grab a homework scroll on your way out. Owl me if you have any questions. I’ll be down by the lake, soaking in the sun until the weather turns cold again.”

Poem and attribution courtesy of http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/lod/vol3/dancing_mania.html.

Lesson 12: Collapse of the Maya


Professor Montgomery “Gummy” Vance sat at his desk sipping coffee while he waited for his graduate students to get settled down. Once quills and parchments were out and they looked ready to take notes, he began. “Last semester we talked about Egyptian witches and wizards. As I’m sure you recall, their skills and abilities made pyramid building faster, safer, and easier than Muggle Egyptologists could ever dream of. But what did the talented wizards do when it was decreed that they must no longer openly assist Muggles? Well, a number of them packed up and moved elsewhere.

”Muggle archaeologists have some amusing theories as to why pyramids can be found all over the world and why surprising similarities can be found in societies and locations separated by great distances. Wizarding migrations are the key to understanding so much... ah, but I digress. The topic for today is the Mayan culture and its unusual downfall.” Professor Vance stood up and moved to stand next to the windows. It was a grey day outside and there was a chill inside the castle that could only be described as the feeling of February.

Gummy pulled out his wand, pointed it toward the board and made a complicated series of twists. A bluish-green light flashed briefly and then the board was covered with a map of Central America. The extent of the Mayan empire during its heyday was superimposed over modern country boundary lines.


“As you can see, the Mayan culture extended south into what is now El Salvador and Honduras and north into the area around Mexico City. In fact, Teotihuacan, northeast of Mexico City, was a very important city-state, especially in the earlier portion of Mayan history. Who can tell me what a city-state is?” he asked the class.

A very small, thin girl in the corner raised her hand. As the Professor nodded to her, he wondered if she had just transferred in or if she was so small that he really had not noticed her during the entire first semester. “It’s a city that has its own ruler and laws. It governs and defends the area around it, but that’s it. During the Renaissance, Italy was filled with city-states, like in Shakespeare’s plays.”

“Excellent! 10 point for Ravenclaw. Sometimes city-states play well together and sometimes they fight. They are all part of the same culture and have political connections often through marriage, but each is its own sovereign entity. And that is exactly how it was with the Maya.

”In general, they were fantastic traders – the cacao trade, for example, was enormous. In fact, the earliest interaction between Mayan wizards and other cultures was through their extensive trade efforts. They were also great builders and architects. It was natural that some of the Egyptian wizards who specialized in pyramid, temple and monument building would relocate to a culture equally fascinated by the potential uses of cut and carved stone. The first Mayan pyramid was begun about two thousand years ago. But there were far more engineering and architectural projects than just pyramids. The cityof Tikal, for example, constructed a sophisticated water management system that included three huge reservoirs connected by ravines.”

”The large cities of the Maya were beautiful and efficient hubs of sophisticated culture, trade and agricultural achievement. Tikal had a population of around 100,000 which included a small magical community. A wizard named Cadmael lived there along with his wife Ixazaluoh. They had two children. One was a young wizard named Eadrich and the other a beautiful daughter named Itzel who, as it happened, had no magical abilities. Little is known about Cadmael and his family before 788 AD. Cadmael and his son Eadrich were in Africa, trading cacao for other goods with which to stock their store in Tikal. What we know of these events comes from the journal of Eadrich. It’s unclear whether he ever knew why, but somehow Itzel was chosen to be a sacrifice.”

“Oh, no!” gasped the small, thin girl in the corner.

She must be new, Gummy thought. Certainly he couldn’t have failed to notice a student for an entire semester. “So you know about Mayan sacrifices, too?” he asked encouragingly.

The girl nodded and pushed her dark hair behind one ear before speaking. “Yes, Professor. The Mayans ritually killed people as sacrifices to their gods. They did it for good harvests or when they started building a new temple or when a king died or was born or was officially named. They usually sacrificed enemies they had captured in battle, but not always.”

“True, true, well said,” Gummy replied solemnly. “It wasn’t always captured warriors who were sacrificed and we don’t know enough about their religious beliefs to understand how it all worked. But on this occasion they chose a beautiful young girl to sacrifice. Itzel was killed and her mother, Ixazaluoh, was also killed trying to save her daughter. There is a great deal of debate over whether Ixazaluoh had magical abilities, but I won’t go into that. For the purposes of today’s lesson, it is enough to know that both mother and daughter died.

“Cadmael learned of these events and was understandably grief-stricken. He fell into a devastating depression so deep that he never spoke again. Eadrich was angry – very, very angry. He was also a wizard, a trader, and in Africa. This proved to be a dangerous combination because he was able to easily procure what he needed to exact his revenge. Have you learned about the Fwooper in any of your classes?”


Gummy flicked his wand. The image of a pair of brightly colored Fwooper birds sitting on a branch appeared above him and an enchantingly beautiful bird song filled the classroom. It lasted only a moment. The students exclaimed in protest as the song faded. “It’s beautiful, but the Fwooper’s song will drive you insane. Eadrich traded for and captured some of these birds. He spent the rest of his life raising huge numbers of Fwoopers. Each time he had assembled enough for a good sized flock, he magically transported them to one Mayan city-state after another. The birds took up residence in the palaces and temples of the cities. The Fwoopers’ song drove the kings and priests mad. Unable to get rid of the birds or stop them from singing, Mayans who survived the madness fled the cities. One by one the great cities were abandoned.”

Gummy paused for a moment while the students took notes. The lesson was basically over anyway. “As it happens, Fwoopers don’t survive very well in the jungles of Central America. There is little evidence of the birds ever having been there – except for in the abandoned cities, of course. Muggles don’t know what to look for, of course, so they continue to make up theories to explain the abandoned cities. But the reason for the collapse of the Mayan civilization was revenge.

With a broad swipe of the Professor’s wand, the image of the Fwoopers and the map of Central America faded. They were immediately replaced by a list of homework questions. “Copy those down, please. Homework needs to be turned in by February 27th.”

Lesson 11: Assault on the Sun


Montgomery “Gummy” Vance sighed as the house elf tied his shoes, which was something she hadn’t done since he had turned six years old. “Sorry about this, Floppy. Fingers and toes – you know how they are, always the last things to grow back.” He reached up and gingerly touched his ear. It had already grown back, but somehow it didn’t feel the same. Still, an ear was an ear and he was glad to have two again.

Floppy just shook her head. It wasn’t the first time her master had returned a bit damaged from fighting the A’nen, but it was rather bad. I do hope he’s not getting too old for this sort of thing, she thought to herself as she patted him reassuringly on the knee.

Twenty minutes or so later, Gummy entered his classroom. It was already filled with students freshly returned from winter break. The lively chit chat about their holidays subsided as he limped toward the front of the room and sat down gratefully on the empty top of his desk. “So,” he said with a broad smile, “it looks as if everyone has made it back in one piece. I hope you all had a nice, relaxing break and are ready to once again explore the history of the magical world into which you were born.” With a swish of his wand and a flash of chalky-white light, words suddenly filled the blackboard.

Syllabus – 2nd Sem. – History's Mysteries Explained
Lesson 11 -- Assault on the Sun (535 -536 AD)
Lesson 12 -- Collapse of the Maya (800 - 900 AD)
Lesson 13 -- The Dancing Plague (1374 AD)
Lesson 14 -- Roanoke, The Lost Colony (1585 AD)
Lesson 15 -- Quiz
Lesson 16 -- Tunguska (1908 AD)
Lesson 17 -- The Roswell Fiasco (1947 AD)
Lesson 18 -- The Edmund Fitzgerald (1975 AD)
Lesson 19 -- Siberian Craters (2013 AD)
Lesson 20 -- Final Exam

”This semester we are going to be looking into some historical events that are considered mysterious. What most people don’t know -- Muggles and wizards alike – is that each one of the events we will be discussing is the result of magical intervention. In some cases it was deliberate, as in the case we will be discussing today. Others were the result of miscalculations or magic gone afoul. Did you know, for example, that a particularly powerful Hate Potion took down the entire Minoan civilization in just under a month?” The professor watched as his students’ faces reflected shock and surprise at that little-known fact of magical history.

”Today, however, we are not talking about the Minoans. Today we are talking about the entire world.” Gummy shifted a bit on the desk and straightened his robes. How much do I tell them? he wondered briefly before launching into an account of the strange events that occurred over 1400 years ago.

Professor Vance removed an eight-inch bronze statue from a pocket inside his robes and set it on the desk next to him. The statue depicted Thoth, his head transfigured into that of an ibis and his hands holding a tablet and stylus. The wizard known as the scribe of the Egyptian gods appeared to be taking notes. Gummy touched his wand to the top of the statue and a clear, baritone voice filled the room.”The sun became dark and its darkness lasted for 18 months. Each day, it shone for about four hours, and still this light was only a feeble shadow. Everyone declared that the sun would never recover its full [strength] again.”

”Those were the words of the historian John of Ephesus. He lived from about 507 to 588 AD. At the time he wrote that he was living in Constantinople, but the events he described happened all around the world between the years 535 and 536 AD. Writers and historians from all across Europe, Japan, China, and Peru all report the same thing. Listen to this. It was written by Zacharias of Mytilene, a contemporary of John of Ephesus.” Once again, Gummy touched his wand to the top of the statue and the voice began to speak.

”The sun began to be darkened by day and the moon by night, while the ocean was tumultuous with spray from the 24th of March in this year till the 24th of June in the following year... And, as the winter was a severe one, so much so that from the large and unwonted quantity of snow the birds perished... there was distress... among men... from the evil things.”

”All over the world, it was as if a veil had been put between the earth and the sky. Little sunlight brought unusually cold temperatures. Drought and terrible famine were the result in many areas. Imagine losing up to 80% of the population and the remainder resorting to cannibalism to survive.” Gummy shuddered and looked around at the horrified expressions on his students’ faces.

”I know,” he said, ”It’s so awful that you’re all wishing I would say it isn’t true. But it really happened. Muggle historians and scientists have trouble explaining it. The popular Muggle theory is that the strange weather events of 535 – 536 were due to the eruption of a volcano named Krakatoa. I’m not sure how they fit 13 months of ocean disturbances into their Krakatoa theory, but you know Muggles; they do their best to explain everything.” The Professor gazed out the window for a moment, thinking about all the terrible things he’d read about those years -- such despair, so much anguish.

A student raised her hand and asked, ”If it wasn’t a volcano, then what did cause the weather and the oceans to act that way?”

”The damned A’nen,” Gummy blurted out. And then, immediately repentant, he added, ”Sorry. That was a bit harsh, wasn’t it? But the entire thing was intentional. It was all planned out.” He raised his wand and made a complicated twist-and-drag motion. A symbol appeared in the air next to him. “This is the symbol of the A’nen. If it looks a little familiar, that’s because it is the stylized head of Seth in his partially transfigured state. The A’nen are an organization that dates back to shortly after the fall of Seth.

"As I am sure you recall from last semester, Horus and Seth went to war over the role of wizards in the Egyptian world. Seth wanted wizards to be seen as gods and to rule over Muggles. Horus led an army against Seth and Seth was defeated. Horus’ army spent years ferreting out the remaining scattered troops of their enemy who had become little more than angry militant hate groups.

”What we did not discuss last semester was that Horus was never able to completely eradicate Seth’s supporters. The worst of them, in fact, joined together and became the A’nen. A’nen is the Egyptian word for ‘return’ or ‘bring back’ and their stated desire is to return to a state where wizards are considered gods and rule over Muggle worshipers. The events of 535 – 536 AD were a carefully coordinated effort by the A’nen to bring Muggles to the edge if annihilation. Then, obviously, the plan was to rise up all around the world, reveal themselves to Muggles as gods and offer salvation. Nasty plan, was it not?” Gummy waited until the murmurs of outrage subsided.

”No one at the time realized the A’nen had managed to grow so large or spread so far. Now, don’t go thinking it was a single spell they used to make so much happen. No, it was a number of spells and a very large, coordinated effort. The worst of the spells and curses have been preserved, along with their counter-curses, in the highly-secretive and extraordinarily well guarded vaults of this organization.” The Professor’s wand made a smooth arcing swirl and the image of an ibis floated in the air above the windows.

”That ibis is the symbol of the Sheta Sesh. The Egyptian wizard Thoth was the first to recognize the threat of the A’nen. He rounded up the best and brightest wizards from Horus’ army and created the Sheta Sesh. It means ‘secret scribes’ and they are charged with putting an end to the A’nen and finishing the battle of Horus and Seth. But the A’nen are…” Gummy paused, groping for the right word. ”…resilient.”

BBBRRIIINNNGGGG!

The sudden ringing of the bell that ended class made everyone jump, students and teacher alike. ”Right. Well. I suppose that’s it then. Homework parchments are in a stack on the table next to the door. Please pick one up on the way out. Owl me if you have any questions.”

Quotes courtesy of http://www.ancient-origins.net/unexplained-phenomena/why-global-climatic-cataclysm-sixth-century-virtually-unheard-001360#ixzz3y6obOfot

Lesson 10: Midterm


Professor Montgomery “Gummy” Vance looked into a pair of large, bulbous eyes filled with fear. “It’s going to be perfectly fine, Floppy,” Professor Vance said soothingly. “You have the midterm exam papers. The students aren’t expecting a lecture. All you need to do is hand them the exam papers, watch to make sure no one cheats, and then gather them up again as the students turn the finished exam sheets in.” Floppy the house elf finally blinked and the trembling of her hands decreased significantly.

“But what do I say if they ask why I am giving them the test rather than you?” she asked in a very serious tone.

“The truth, of course,” Gummy replied with a smile. The smile suddenly faded and he thoughtfully added, “Well, not the whole truth. They don’t know about the Sheta Sesh, of course. I’ve implied that the war between Horus and Seth is long over.”

The house elf who had been with Gummy for decades gave him a questioning look. “It wasn’t a lie!” he exclaimed. “Horus and Seth are both long dead. I simply failed to mention that Thoth gathered up the cleverest of Horus’ soldiers and created the Sheta Sesh.”

The house elf continued to look at him with the same patient expression she had worn when he had done something wrong as a child. “And yes, Floppy, I also failed to mention that the worst of Seth’s troops developed into the A’nen. But it’s all very hush-hush as you are well aware. These kids don’t need to know that the A’nen is still attempting to bring back the days when wizards were seen as gods. The Sheta Sesh secretly keeps them in check – always has, always will. No, there is no need for my students to know about either organization.”

Floppy looked at her master dubiously and wondered, If the Sheta Sesh can manage the A’nen so easily, then why did they send for your help less than six months after you quit? And why have so many Sheta Sesh died trying to fight off the A’nen and get into Bastet’s Fortress first? But she said none of that aloud. Her darling Gummy would admit the truth to himself soon enough. Even as a child, Montgomery Vance had always fought off the unpleasant truths for a while before making himself accept them. Floppy sighed and said, “Of course. Be careful in Bubastis. I’ll take care of the exams.”

Later that week, she found herself standing before a room full of Hogwarts graduate students. “Hello, I’m Floppy. Professor Vance asked me administer today’s exam.” She began to walk along the rows, handing a single sheet of parchment to each student. “The midterm exams aren’t difficult, so if get right to it, you can be off enjoying Winter Break in no time.” Hoping that if she left them no time to do so,they would not ask questions, Floppy continued quickly, “There you go. Everyone has a exam sheet. The clock starts now.”

Amy Timko raised her hand and began speaking, “But where is—“

“Shh, dear,” Floppy said gently, “no talking now. We’re in the middle of an exam. Don’t worry about your professor. I’m sure he’ll be fine. And the chances are good he’ll even come back with all his limbs. He nearly always does.”

Lesson 9: The “Death of Magic” in Egypt


This wasn’t good. It really wasn’t good. Professor Montgomery “Gummy” Vance stood in his office, surrounded by piles of scrolls, notebooks and Muggle souvenirs. Each of the little plaster and plastic replicas of famous Egyptian antiquities had been enchanted by Gummy’s colleagues to create 3D hologram-like representations of the walls and doors inside Bastet’s fortress. For months the hexbreakers had tried to gain entrance to the ancient structure in Bubastis, but one by one, they fell victim to its elaborate and unusual combination of hexes, spells, traps, and riddles.

Gummy flipped through his notes yet again. ”Merlin’s beard and Herpo’s breath!” he swore in amazement. ”I need to pack.” Halfway out the door, he stopped short. A group of Hufflepuff students chatting excitedly about their plans for the holiday break passed by, reminding the professor that he had obligations at Hogwarts. A quick glance at the clock on his office wall confirmed that if he didn’t get a move on, he was going to be late for class.

A few minutes later he arrived at his classroom only slightly out of breath, to find the students already in their seats and ready to begin. Gummy took a moment to gather his thoughts. The urge to throw everything he might need into a suitcase and grab his broomstick was nearly overwhelming. Now that he knew what they faced in Bubastis, he needed to be there – whether they decided to actually open the fortress’s lower level or not. And maybe we shouldn’t. We probably shouldn’t. But it’s been so long… With an effort, he drew his thoughts back to the lesson plan and forced himself to focus.

”Why did the Ancient Egyptians stop building pyramids? Does anyone know?” Gummy looked around the room hopefully, but was met with blank looks and eyes that drifted away from his gaze, reluctant to make contact. He rolled his eyes in resignation. The students were really good kids, but at this rate their text books would still be in the “like new” condition at the end of the year. ”The Ancient Egyptians stopped building pyramids because they forgot how.”

A student in the second row burst out laughing and then looked around in confusion. “It’s a joke, right, like: why did the chicken cross the road? I mean, how can you just forget how to do something you’ve been doing for 500 years?”

”Actually, you would be surprised how easy it is for a culture to forget something like that. Other civilizations have forgotten just as much and under similar circumstances.” The Professor made a series of quick motions with his wand as if he were checking off a list. The wall beside him transformed into a blackboard and a timeline of Egyptian history appeared in white chalk.


Period Years and Events
Old Kingdom 2804 B.C.E. - Ra emerges from the river
2700 B.C.E. - Imhotep builds Stepped Pyramid of Djoser
Wizards fully engaged in Muggle world.
500 years of growth and advancement.
First Intermediary Period 2150 B.C.E. - Law prohibited witches and wizards from interacting with Muggles.
Political chaos and civil war.
Egypt divided in two for 136.
Middle Kingdom 2015 B.C.E. - Partial integration of wizards authorized.
Upper and Lower Egypt reunited. Pyramid building resumes.
264 years of united self-rule.
Second Intermediary Period 1759 B.C.E. - Ban on Interaction with Muggles.
Egyptian society and military weakened. Foreigners invade.
220 years under foreign rule.
New Kingdom 1539 B.C.E. - Egyptian Muggles overthrow foreign rule.
Egypt focuses on military might, empire-bulding, and culture without overt wizarding influence. Pyramids built without magic.
669 years of Egypt's "Golden Age".
Foreign Rule 728 B.C.E. - Nubia conquers Egypt and rules for 72 years.
656 B.C.E. - Assyria conquers Egypt and rules for 131 years.
525 B.C.E. - Persia conquers Egypt and rules for 193 years.
332 B.C.E. - Greece conquers Egypt and rules for 302 years.
30 B.C.E. - Cleopatra, last of the Greek pharaohs dies. Rome annexes Egypt.

”As you can see from the timeline, what we know of the history of Ancient Egypt begins in 2804 when Ra emerged from the river, soon to be followed by his assorted wizarding friends and relations. And while his methods were less than honorable, under him, the wizarding world and the Muggle world became one. Egypt’s population grew. The society and culture progressed.

"As I’m sure you recall from the last lesson," Gummy continued, "in 2700 B.C.E., Imhotep built the first pyramid and stone columns. For the next 500 years, Egyptian wizards and Muggle craftsmen took Imhotep’s brilliant inventions and slowly improved upon them. Pyramids became larger and no longer required the stepped feature Imhotep first conceived. Mummification improved as well, as did many aspects of Egyptian society. So, what brought that all to an end?”

Gummy moved toward the timeline and pointed to the First Intermediary Period. “Fighting between the armies of Horus and Seth had harmed many, many innocent Muggles. The followers of Isis used their healing magic to help alleviate the harm, but they could not be everywhere or bring back those who had died. Seth’s followers had been mostly reduced to bands of warriors who attacked wizards and Muggles alike wherever the two groups were working together. A horrifying incident in Lower Egypt’s delta area, convinced the leaders of Egypt’s magical community that everyone would be safer if the magical community disengaged from Muggles altogether. In 2150 B.C.E., a law went into effect that prohibited witches and wizards from interacting with Muggles.”

The Professor waited patiently for students to complete their note taking. When the scratch of quills on parchment grew silent, he continued. “The sudden withdrawal of witches and wizards created voids in the social, military and political structure. This, in turn, created political chaos and destabilized the country. Before long, Egypt had split in two with separate rulers in the North and South. This was not a good time for the region and after 136 years of social unrest and watching their Muggle neighbours struggle, the wizarding elite passed the Limited Engagement Protocol. This allowed some authorized witches and wizards to assist in the repair and reunification of Egypt which was completed in 2015 B.C.E.”

Gummy sighed and shook his head. ”The problem was that during the 136 years the wizarding community had remained separate from the Muggle community, it had done little to heal the rift in its own community. Predictably, attacks and abuse of Muggles soon followed the wizard-Muggle interaction authorized by the L.E.P. and after 264 years, the L.E.P. was repealed. Once again, over-night Egypt found itself without the aid and assistance of its magical citizens. This again destabilized the region and left Egypt vulnerable to invaders from Asia. It took the Muggles of Egypt over 200 years to free themselves from foreign occupation.” The Professor pointed to the New Kingdom on the timeline. ”The New Kingdom was all Muggle. They managed to organize themselves and build a few pyramids, too. But their time under foreign rule had brought them new military weapons and tactics. Much Egypt’s ‘Golden Age’ was focused on military might, imperialistic expansion, mysteries and closely guarded secrets.”

Professor Vance tapped the final section on the timeline titled ‘Foreign Rule’. ”Without the magical community to help pass on knowledge and strengthen the community, things fell completely apart in 728 B.C.E. It was then that the country was conquered by Nubians. From 728 B.C.E. until Cleopatra, the last pharaoh, died in 30 B.C.E., Egyptians never again regained self-rule or had a native Egyptian pharaoh on the throne. Many secrets and vast amounts of knowledge were lost in the constant upheaval and foreign oppression. And that, my dear students, is how you can forget something you spent over 500 years perfecting.”

Gummy waved his wand toward the blackboard at the front of the room and a list of neatly printed homework questions appeared. ”Please take a moment to copy down your homework assignment.”

Lesson 8: Imhotep - Egyptian Construction Magic


As the students entered the classroom, Professor Montgomery “Gummy” Vance motioned for them to stand against the walls. The usual Egyptian-style desks and benches were missing and in their place stood a three dimensional replica of an Egyptian stepped pyramid. The tan stone of the structure almost blended in with the surrounding desert, but the five levels above ground were all visible. It looked like a dusty cake, with each of layer a bit smaller than the one below.

”Excellent camouflage,” one of the boys whispered to his friend standing next to him. “You could almost walk by the thing and not notice it’s there.”

”Ah, but it didn’t look like that when it was built.” Professor Gummy shut the door and held out his long arms, displaying the robe he had worn for classes all semester. The robe was covered in hieroglyphics and cartouches. Reds, blues, greens, white, gold and black formed a tapestry of Ancient Egyptian linguistic art. “The Egyptians of old were a people of life, energy and vibrant color. That pyramid was originally covered in a veneer of limestone that had been polished until it gleamed brilliantly. It would have been visible for miles in every direction. Can anyone tell me which pyramid this is and who built it?”

A hand shot up on the other side of the pyramid, followed by a familiar voice. “Since we’re learning about Imhotep today, that must be the Stepped Pyramid of Djoser. It was built in Saqqara, Egypt, in about 2700 B.C.E. Magical History: Lost, But Now Found also says the Pyramid of Djoser was the first pyramid ever built, the largest man-made structure of its day and the first structure to be built out of cut stone rather than mud brick.”

The Professor wasn’t sure exactly when his jaw had dropped open in surprise, but he shut it quickly. Then, realizing that staring at a student in amazement wasn’t particularly professorial, he blurted out the first words that entered his mind. ”Merlin’s beard, Amy, you actually read the text book. Well done! Take 50 points for... er... whatever house you’re in.”

”Hufflepuff, Sir,” Amy Timko squeaked in surprise.

”Yes, Hufflepuff, of course.” Astoundingly, this was the first time a student had actually read the book ahead of time and known an answer. Pull yourself together, old boy. This sort of thing happens to other teachers all the time.

”The Step Pyramid of Djoser was indeed built by a wizard named Imhotep. The name Imhotep means ‘he who comes in peace.’ He was the son of a common Muggle architect named Kanofer. It’s unclear if his mother, Khreduonkh, was a witch or a Muggle as well." Not that Imhotep's parentage mattered in the least, but historians loved to debate even the tiniest details. "The one fact about Imhotep that is entirely undisputed, however, is that the man was a genius. His talents, wits and intelligence allowed him to rise from obscurity to the exalted position Pharaoh Djoser’s vizier. The vizier in Ancient Egypt was the Pharaoh’s right hand man, chief advisor and supervisor of nearly everything in the country. As vizier, he was in charge of the court system, the military, the treasury, agriculture, and everything else that went before the Pharaoh.”

Gummy paused to let the extent of the man’s responsibilities sink in. “He was not only advisor to Djoser with regard to running the kingdom, but also his advisor on all things spiritual. It was in this capacity that he conceived of building a stairway for his pharaoh’s spirit to ascend after death. The fact that no one had ever done it before didn’t concern him in the least. Using the knowledge of construction he had learned from his father while growing up, Imhotep set about designing a building comprised of stacked mastabas. Egyptians had been building the large, rectangular, flat-topped tombs for years. But stacking them was unheard of. And it was complicated. Imhotep resolved a number of these complications by inventing building with cut stone and the stone pillar. Other complications were resolved through a combination of ground-breaking mathematics, logic, observation and, of course, magic.”

Gummy twitched his wand and the pyramid became translucent so that the internal rooms and passages became visible both above and below ground.

With the slightest of motions, he then produced a beam of light from the tip of his wand and aimed it at various parts of the pyramid as he continued the lesson. “The pyramid stood 40 meters above ground. But the burial chamber, the gallery, the pharaoh’s apartment – all that was cut into the ground as much as 22 meters beneath the pyramid. It took only 20 years to build this, the first pyramid ever, and that includes Imhotep having to figure out much of it as he went along. Then, after Pharaoh Djoser's death, they had to lower his 20-ton sarcophagus down through the central shaft into the burial chamber.“

They were running short on time, so the Professor quickly listed some of the spells integral to pyramid construction. ”The most obvious spells used by Imhotep were for reducing the weight of the stones, which made them much safer and easier to work with. Water creation and controlling spells similar to Aqua Eructo were used to help level the ground under the pyramid. A banishing charm similar to Depulso was used to remove dirt and stone produced during excavating the underground portion of the pyramid. Of course, spells for the movement of objects very similar to Locomotor were used during the transportation of the stone blocks from the quarry to the pyramid. There was a rather clever spell for creating floating balls of light that could be assigned to hover near specific people or locations, but the incantation for that has been lost. And it probably goes without saying, but numerous healing and first aid spells were employed because, magic or not, pyramid building was a dangerous occupation.”

The bell signaling the end of class rang out and Gummy breathed a quick sigh of relief that he had managed to finish the lesson. With a swirl of his wand, a reed basket filled with papyrus scrolls appeared next to the door. ”That’s your homework in the basket. Everyone please grab one on your way out.”

Lesson 7: Bes -The Comic Divide


Stacks of journals, logbooks, notebooks, scrolls, parchments and papyri covered Professor Vance’s desk and every other horizontal surface in his office. A three-dimensional magical replica of an ancient stone wall blanketed one entire side of the room. The paint on the hieroglyphics was as garishly bright as the day it was applied. Standing in a tiny oasis of uncluttered space, the History of Magic professor studied a section of the wall and then returned his gaze to the notebook in his hand. “How on earth do they think I’m going to be able to figure this out from 2,600 miles away? And in my spare time, nonetheless!” Gummy Vance shook his head as he tucked the notebook into the pocket of his robes and carefully made his way to his office door.

The chit chat in the hallways was a welcome distraction. His brain was beginning to feel weighed down from the enigmatic, arcane puzzle he’d been tasked with by the Sheta Sesh. “I should never have taken the message from that ibis’ leg,” he grumbled under his breath. The Sheta Sesh were trouble. He ought to know. He’d worked for them for twenty years.

“But I’m a teacher now!” The exclamation came out louder than he had intended and drew startled expressions from a group of students nearby. Gummy smiled awkwardly. “And I’m loving every minute of it. Can’t wait to get you lot in one of my classes.” Thankfully, he was almost at his classroom and he ducked inside before he embarrassed himself further.

After the last of the students had arrived, Gummy shut the door and executed a rather complex sweep and swivel with his wand. The door transformed into tan stone. The lower half of the stone boasted a carving of a squat, broad, bow-legged man wearing the skin of a lion, complete with a tail hanging down behind him. The man’s oval, bearded face had prominent ears on either side, and his tongue was sticking out in a comical fashion.

“This is Bes. He looks a bit different from the other Ancient Egyptians we’ve studied so far, doesn’t he? Daffyd, what do you think?”

The lanky, dark-haired boy at the front of the room pushed his glasses up slightly and began a thoughtful assessment of the image of Bes. “There are a number of differences. The other Egyptians were tall, thin and graceful looking. This guy is short and a little goofy looking, but kind of tough at the same time. And you can see both his ears. I mean, he’s not in profile, so you can see that his ears stick out.” After a moment’s pause, Daffyd exclaimed, “Oh, and not even a partial human to animal transfiguration!”

“Very good!" Professor Vance nodded with satisfaction. "Bes, as it happens, was half-goblin and half-wizard. He was a skilled warrior with or without his wand. Search Egypt all you want, but you won’t find any temples dedicated to him. You see, he was never really accepted by the Ancient Egyptian wizarding elite, but over time, he became a favorite of the common people, Muggles and magical alike. Why? Because he was strong, brave and had a very good heart."

Gummy looked down at the image of Bes he had conjured over the classroom door. With a clear note of affection in his voice, the professor continued, "Bes was jolly and always ready with a joke to keep people laughing – especially children. It was said that when a baby gurgled and smiled for no apparent reason, it was because Bes was there making faces to entertain him. Images of him can be found on carvings in birthing houses, because who wouldn’t want someone like Bes around to keep their new baby safe and giggling happily?

“Muggle soldiers were fans of Bes, too. They drank beer from tankards shaped like Bes before a battle for luck and to gain some of Bes’ fighting prowess and protection.” Gummy stopped the lecture to wait for the students to catch up on their note taking. As he was about to begin again, a blonde witch who invariably sat by the window raised her hand. “Yes, Gloria?”

“So, you said before that all the witches and wizards were picking sides. Which side did Bes fight on? Did he fight for Horus or Seth?” she asked.

“Don’t be dense, Gloria,” the freckled boy behind her scoffed. “Bes obviously fought for Horus.”

“Unnecessarily rude though Samuel was, he is correct. I may not give out many House points, young man, but if you speak like that again in my class, I’ll be sure to take some points away.” Turning away from Samuel who was now glowing red with embarrassment, Gummy finished up the lesson. “Bes did indeed fight on the side of Horus. Bes was well known for standing up to injustice, cruelty, and other atrocities.

"Bes could be considered the personification of the divide in Ancient Egyptian magical society. There are no temples to Bes and he's always depicted head-on and looking goofy. Not really a surprise, because although he was beloved of the common people, he was most certainly not loved by the elitist, power-loving witches and wizards. So you can see, the divide been the Muggle and magical, between common and elite, had grown quite large indeed before the war that began as we discussed in the last lesson."

With a smooth gliding motion of his wand, the professor wiped away the image of Bes, revealing the classroom door once again. “Once again, homework assignments are on the corner of my desk. Please pick one up on your way out. Owl me if you have any questions. I’m in the middle of a rather complicated project, but I’ll get back to you as soon as I can.”

Lesson 6: Horus and Seth - Ancient Wizards at War


Gummy Vance ignored the tapping at the window. It was for the best. He was a professor now. Hogwarts and the students were his concerns. The Hexbreakers in Egypt could handle themselves without his assistance – just as they had done for centuries before he’d first set foot in Cairo. The tall, broad-shouldered man straightened his robes before leaving his office and the annoying tapping of the barn owl behind.

As he had hoped, the first quiz had gone exceptionally well. He tried to focus on that as he strode through the hallways, smiling and nodding at teachers and students alike. Arriving at the classroom just as the last of his students trailed in, Gummy shut the door behind him and cast a quick glance at the windows. No Egyptian barn owls. No tapping. The History of Magic Professor rubbed his hands together and turned his attention to the class.

“History is littered with battles and bloodshed, and Egypt certainly had its fair share. As you may have noticed from earlier lessons, Ancient Egyptian wizards were a diverse group, but the potential for large-scale conflict was growing. Ra and others who wanted to profit from or subjugate Muggles weren’t at all pleased with Isis and other witches and wizards like her. Sounds like a familiar division, doesn’t it? Well, times change, but people are people regardless of the era." Gummy leaned back against the desk and waited for the students to catch up on their note taking.

“So," he continued, "very near the end of Ra’s reign, the magical community had become a powder keg. All it required was a spark to set it off. At this time there was a powerful set of brothers: Seth, Osiris and Horus. The three were very different. Horus wanted the peace than came through order, law, and fair treatment for all. Osiris played both sides of the fence, so to speak. He was married to Isis, but was also a favorite of the aged wizard-king, Ra.

"Seth, on the other hand," and here the Professor's voice took on a tone of clear disapproval, "was a dangerous, violent radical. He didn’t just want to rule over Muggles as a god – that wasn’t enough! He wanted them all in abject fear of him. Terrible stories of his blood-soaked rule had been coming out of Nubia on a regular basis. Then, out of jealousy and greed, Seth killed his brother Osiris. And that proved to be just the spark needed for the Egyptian magical community to explode into open warfare.

"Between naps, 363 year old Ra became enraged at the murder. Osiris was to have been Ra’s successor, so killing Osiris was basically an attack on Ra. Consequently, Ra wanted Seth’s head – literally. Horus, consumed by grief and fury, readily accepted Ra’s request to lead an army against Seth. Isis, understandably angry and grieving herself, gave Horus her blessing and he grimly began making preparations for war. Meanwhile, nearly all the Ancient Egyptian wizards chose a side: Horus and justice or Seth and domination.”

Gummy paused reflectively. “Interestingly enough, Bastet was one of the few who did not choose a side. Instead, she built her great home in Bubastis -- that fortress the Hexbreakers have been having such a difficult time with. It’s said that she gathered her followers there to keep them safe while Egypt exploded in violence.”

TAP, TAP, TAP. Professor Vance turned slowly to look out the classroom window. A large, sleek white bird with a smooth black head, neck and wing tips was perched on the window sill. Its long black beak again struck the glass.

TAP, TAP, TAP.

After a moment’s hesitation, Gummy turned back to the class and continued. “So, anyway, there you have it. Egypt was divided and going to war. The army led by Horus included some extremely bright and talented witches and wizards. Even amongst this venerable collection, the wisest and most respected was Thoth. Thoth was famous for his extensive knowledge, respect for truth and justice, and his writing and magical abilities. So when Horus’ army approached Seth’s, they came armed with a plan. First, Thoth turned Horus into a winged orb, as bright as the sun.” With a flick of his wand, the Professor made an image appear at the top of the chalkboard. It was a golden disk with long wings stretching out to the left and right.


TAP, TAP, TAP. Every click of the bird's beak against the glass drew the students' attention away from the lesson. He knew he really ought to do something about it, but Gummy still hoped there was a chance the ibis would give up and go away if he just ignored it for long enough.

“Sir”, asked one of the students seated near the windows, “what kind of bird is that? Would you like me to let it in?”

“Thank you very much for the offer, Owen, but I think we’ll leave it where it is for now. It is a bird native to Africa and was once found all over Egypt. The sacred ibis was symbolic of Thoth, as it happens. But we’re not learning about Thoth today. We’re learning about Horus and Seth and we’re running short on time.

“So, where were we? Ah, yes! Thoth had just turned Horus into a winged solar disk. The wizard soared high up into the air over the army of his enemy like a second sun. He, and two witches who accompanied him, then cast a massive Befuddlement Charm over Seth’s supporters. This unexpected attack was devastatingly effective. The army of Seth, unable to distinguish friend from foe, attacked each other. Soon, nearly all of Horus’ foes appeared to be dead or had fled into the desert in fear. “

TAP, TAP, TAP.

Gummy glanced again in irritation at the Ibis at the window. It held up a long, black leg to which a scroll had been attached. The Hogwarts Professor rolled his eyes. Obviously it had a message. How stupid did the bird think he was?

Turning back to the class, he twirled his wand and pointed it at the wall opposite the windows. An image appeared that depicted Horus and Seth in their final battle. Seth was on the ground and Horus loomed over him with one foot planted in the middle of Seth’s chest, about to strike the killing blow.

“Elements of the Seth’s army reassembled and there were a number of battles here and there before Seth was finally captured and executed. Or perhaps not. That is where stories diverge. Historians love to bicker over how they think events actually played out. Some think Horus executed Seth. Others say Isis did the beheading. Still others claim that Seth was never captured, that the person who was executed was an imposter, possibly having been given a Polyjuice Potion. In this last theory, Seth actually escaped by turning himself into a serpent and slithered away to plot his revenge."

TAP, TAP, TAP. The ibis turned its head and pressed one eye up against the window as if to say it saw the Professor and it had a job to do. The scroll on its leg was going to be delivered.

“Right,” Gummy said distractedly, “so, that’s it. If no one has any questions, you can pick up your homework on the way out. Have a wonderful rest of the day. Owl me if you have any questions.” With that, he turned and approached the window with resignation.